Combined hydrocarbon generator and burner



(No Model.) 2 Sheetg-Sheet- 1.

P. M. REED. COMBINED HY'DROGARBON GENERATOR AND BURNER.

o. 498,730. Patentd May 30, 1893.

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F. M. REED.. COMBINED HYDROGARBON GENERATOR AND BURNER. No. 498,730. Patented May 30, 1893.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANKLIN M. REED, OF ANDERSON, INDIANA.

COMBINED HYDROCARBON GENERATOR AND BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 498,730, dated May 30, 1893. Application filed June 15, 1892. Serial No. 436,858. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANKLIN M. REED, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Anderson,in the county of Madison and State of Indiana, have in vented certain new and useful Improvements in a Combined Hydrocarb n Generators and Burners; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the invention. Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal vertical section thereof. Fig. 3 is a horizontal longitudinal section on the line yy, Fig. 2. Fig.

' 4 is a transverse vertical section on the line 10-10, Fig. 2. Figs. 5 and 6 are detail views of the regulating valve and dial. Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the generator with the cap plate removed. Fig. 8 is a transverse vertical section of a modified form, and Fig. 9 is a partial horizontal longitudinal section of the same form.

This invention has relation to certain new and useful improvements in combined generators and burners for hydrocarbon gases, to be used in grates, stoves, furnaces, or for illuminating purposes; and it consists in the novel construction and combination of parts,

all as hereinafter described and pointed out in the claims.

The object of the invention is to provide a device of the character above specified, especially designed for use with crude or refined petroleum, or coal oil, and which will be capable of utilizing a maximum per cent. of the total heating and illuminating power of the oil.

A further object is to provide means for removing the non-combustible elements of the oil, whereby all smoke, soot, and ill smell are avoided, as well as preventing the clogging of the parts with the carbonized products.

A still further object is to so construct and arrange the various parts in such a manner as to increase the operation and efliciency of each, and to provide for their ready disconnection for repairs or cleaning, should it be so desired.

Other objects will hereinafter appeal-y Referring to the accompanying drawings, illustrating the invention, the letter A designates the burner which is constructed of soft cast iron, or other suitable material. Said burner is composed of two parts, a base A and an upper portion A fitting said base closely and secured thereto in such a manner that it may readily be detached therefrom. The said upper portion is forked or bifurcated, as shown, the arms or forks (not, of which are of equal length and size and are preferably of inverted hollow V cross section. This shape is preferred, as giving the best results, although not absolutely requisite. Underneath each of these forks, the base is raised into corresponding inverted V-ridges or projections b of such a size as to leave small chambers b of similar form between such ridges or projections, and the inner faces of the burners. Along the angle of'each fork is formed a series of circular, oval, or angular perforations 0, and similar perforations are formed along each side, as indicated. The end portion a, of the burner also has similar perforations. Between the two arms or forks the base is cast to form an oil pan B.

O designates the generator, preferably of copper, which as shown is of equal length with the burner and about one thirdits width, and is supported centrally and longitudinally of the burner, and over the oil pan B. Said generator is also composed of two parts, the main or body portion 0', and the cap plate or cover 0 which is secured to the body by any suitable means such as the screws 01, which engage lateral lugs d on the body and cover. In order to form a tight joint between the two parts, the inner edges of the walls of the body portion have a rabbet e, which seats a similar portion on the cap or cover, with suitable packing interposed, if necessary. This packing may be some composition in liquid form which is solidified by heat.

The interior of the generator is subdivided into compartments by a series of longitudinal partitions D. In the drawings, I have shown two of these partitions, and three compartments, which is the arrangement preferred in the ordinary size, although it will be understood that any suitable number of partitions and compartments might be employed. Said compartments communicate with each other at alternate ends, so that they form a continuous passage through the generator, and this passage is filled with fine sand, or other suitable non-combustible and refractory material. At that end of the generator supported over the head a of the burner, is a chamber E, into which the last compartment of the series opens, or which suitable point, but preferably exterior to the building. Said receptacle should be supported above the plane of the generator and burner sufficiently to cause a feed into the generator under the influence of gravity.

The mixer H consists of a short tube having in one end an opening it to receive the nozzle h on the pipe G, and at the other end a screw-threaded portion h2 for connection with the neck H of the burner. On said tube are formed three flanges 7c, 70 in each of which are formed two or more air inlet perforations. These perforations are so arranged that the diameter of those in the outer flange k is greater by one-third than those in the second flange 7t, and the perforations in said second flange are larger by one third than those in the inner flange By this arrangement, sufficient air is admitted to provide for the perfect combustion of the gas, as hereinafter described.

The operation of the device will now be described. The oil supply pipe G is provided with a regulating cock g and by opening this cock to the desired extent, a flow of oil will be caused to enter the generator. This oil percolates through the filling in the compartments in the generator, reaches the chamber E, flows into the pipe Gr, and thence into the neck of the burner, and thence through a small passagel into the oil pan B. The oil in this tank is then ignited, and serves to heat the generator and its fire proof filling, and these soon become heated to such an extent as to convert the oil into avapor which forces itself through the filling in the compartments, and is soon converted into a gas. This gas in its passage through the compartments, the

filling of which becomes intensely hot, loses all its solid carbon, and incombustible parts, so that it enters the chamber E and pipe G in a purified and highly heated and combustible state. Passing thence into the mixer, it is united with air, and when ignited at the burners, produces an intensely hot and brilliant flame free from smoke and odor. The generator is entirely enveloped in this flame, and is kept intensely hot, so that a constant supply of a highly combustible and purified gas is kept up, so long as the oil supply remains open. As all the oil which enters the generator is converted into gas early in its passage, after the operation of making the gas is commenced, no oil will subsequently be fed into the pan 13 until the next time the operation is commenced.

An important advantage in this generator over others, lies in the fact that it is entirely free from what is known as back lash. This so called back lash is a tendency of the gas to work back toward the oil supply, which seriously impairs the operation of the generator. In this generator however, the combustion of the gas is so perfect and rapid that a constant onward flow is kept up, and all backward tendency prevented. In fact, after the burner has been in operation for a long time, the oil supply pipe is perfectly cool, while the gas outlet is intensely hot.

The pipe G may have a connection at L for conveying the gas to a burner for illuminating purposes, for which it is well adapted. The amount of gas fed to the burner and the consequent heat produced, may be regulated by the cock g on the pipe G. This regulating cock is provided with a small dial M on which may be spaced the numerals 1, 2,3, 4, 5, 6 as shown, or other suitable indications. By opening the valve to register with any one of the numerals, the operator will be able to know the exact amount of oil being fed to the generator, and to regulate as may be desired. I

In Figs. 89 is shown a modification of the invention, wherein the burner is provided with three forks or arms a, a, having two oil pans B, the generator being supported over the central arm and the pans, and extending over the first series of apertures in the outer arms, so that it receives an additional amount of heat.

Although the heat in the generator will usually be sufficient to consume the solidand heavy matter in the gas, and thereby prevent the clogging of the parts, yet if after long use, any tendency to clog is observed, the cup may be removed, and the filling renewed. The burner may also be taken apart and cleaned. The burner is also adapted for use with natural or illuminating gas.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination with a burner, having a base formed with a central oil pan, and with a longitudinal raised ridge or projection on each side of said pan, said ridges or projections being united at one end, of a forked burner plate fitting loosely over said ridges or projections, a generator supported over said pan, a pipe connecting said generator and the united portion of said burner, and a mixer in said pipe between the generator and burner, substantially as specified.

2. A hydrocarbon burner, having a base formed with a central oil pan, and with raised longitudinal ridges or projections of inverted V-shape in cross-section, said ridges or projecr tions being united at the head of the burner, and a forked burner plate secured to said base, the forks of said plate corresponding in form to said ridges or projections, and forming inclosed gas chambers or passages, substantially as specified.

3. The combination with a burner, having a base, formed with a central oil pan, and with raised longitudinal ridges or projections on each side of said pan, and a forked burner plate secured to said base, the forks of said plate corresponding in form to said ridges or projections, and forming therewith inclosed gas-chambers or passages, agenerator supported over said oil pan, and a connection between said generator and the head of said burner, substantially as specified.

4. The combination with the burner, comprising a base formed with a central oil pan, and with longitudinal raised ridges or projections united to each other at the head end of said burner, the forked burner plate secured to said base, the forks of said plate fitting over said ridges or projections,burner perforations in the sides and angles of said forks, a passage leading from the head portion of said burner into said pan, a generator supported over said pan, and a goose-neck pipe connecting said generator with the head of the burner, substantially as specified.

5. The combination with a burner, having a neck portion or pipe H, of a mixer connected to said neck portion said mixer comprising a short tube I-I, having a continuous longitudinal passage therethrough, said pipe having cast thereon a series of three exterior surrounding fianges, each of said flanges being formed with a series of oblique air-inlet perforations opening into said longitudinal passage, said perforations decreasing in diameter by about one-third in each flange from the outer end toward the burn er, substantially as specified.

6. Agenerator, comprising an elongated flat rectangular body portion subdivided by partitions to form a continuous tortuous passage therethrough, a refractory or non-combustible filling in said passage, and a cover seated in a rabbet in the upper side portions of said body, said cover and body having a series of registering lugs having screw seats therein, and providing means for the detachable connection of said parts, and a chambered dome integral with one end portion of said cover, and having a connection for a pipe, substantially as specified.

7. The herein described burner, comprising the base, having the oil pan cast therein, and the raised ridges or projections, and the removable forked burner plate secured to said base, the forks of said burner plate being of corresponding form to the ridges or projections of the base, and gas chambers between said ridges and the inner faces of the forks, substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

FRANKLIN M. REED:

Witnesses:

SAMUEL P. MOORE, EDWARD SHAW. 

